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Figure 4. De novo nucleation of hydroxyapatite by P11-4 in vitro. (a) Transmission electron micrographs (unstained) showing needle-like electron-dense deposits in the body of a self-assembled P11-4 gel following 7 days’ incubation at 35°C in "mineralizing" solution (22 mM NaHCO3, 3.75 mM CaCl2, 1.67 mM Na2HPO4, pH 7.4). (b) Electron diffraction patterns of needle-like deposits. Lattice planes 110 (A); 002 (B); 211 (C), camera focal length 400 mm; 100 (D); 200 (E); and 102 (F), camera focal length 575 mm, are indicated. (c) EDX spectrum of needle-like deposits.
