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Figure 2. BDNF protein levels following immobilization stress. Plasma BDNF level was 6.15 ± 1.64 pg/mL for non-stressed rats (N = 4; error bars = SD). For stressed rats, plasma BDNF levels were 4.31 ± 0.33 pg/mL at 30 min, 65.5 ± 19.7 pg/mL at 60 min, and 15.64 ± 3.32 pg/mL at 180 min (N = 4; error bars = SD). Significant differences were found in plasma BDNF levels between non-stressed rats and those that experienced 60 min or 180 min of acute immobilization stress (p < 0.05). Significant differences were noted between rats that experienced 30 min and those that experienced 60 or 180 min of acute immobilization stress (p < 0.05), and also between rats that experienced 60 min and 180 min of stress. Acute immobilization stress for 60 min significantly increased the level of plasma BDNF.