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Figure 1. Effect of Emdogain (EMD) and serum on human gingival fibroblast cell numbers, measured by crystal violet (A,B,D) or neutral red staining (C). Emdogain and serum were added to quiescent cells for 48 hrs. Each bar represents the mean ± SD of 3–5 wells. Dye uptake in serum-free medium without Emdogain (= control) was set to 100%. (D) Calculation of predicted (assuming an additive effect of Emdogain and fetal calf serum) and actual cell numbers in 7 different experiments and their means. For calculation of predicted cell numbers, the number of cells without serum or Emdogain was set to 100%, and the effects of serum (0.5% without Emdogain) and Emdogain (50 µg/mL without serum) were added and compared with the actual cell numbers with both agents. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, Emdogain 50 vs. Emdogain 0 µg/mL, or actual vs. predicated cell number.
