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Figure 3. Translocation of phosphatidylserine and activation of Caspase-3 constitute early stages of adhesive resin-induced apoptosis of pulp cells and macrophages. Percentage of annexin-V-positive MDPC-23 (a), OD-21 (b), or macrophages (c) after a zero- to six-hour exposure to partially polymerized (light-cured for 10 sec) SingleBond. Asterisk indicates statistical significance at p 
0.05, as compared with untreated controls. Caspase-3 activity was determined in lysates of MDPC-23 (d), OD-21 (e), or macrophages (f) after a four-hour exposure to partially polymerized SingleBond (
), or untreated controls (•). Positive control was 1 ng of purified recombinant Caspase-3 (
). The specificity of Caspase-3 activation was determined by the addition of the inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CHO to the reaction (
). Data represent mean values (± SD) of triplicate samples per condition and cell type.
