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Figure 4. Requirement for divalent cations. Using minimal attachment medium lacking divalent cations, we studied the effect of Ca2+ (filled circles) or Mg2+ (squares) on amelogenin-mediated cell attachment. The results presented are the means and standard deviations of 3 determinations. Both Ca2+ and Mg2+ promoted cell attachment in a dose-response fashion at concentrations up to 10 mM, beyond which cell attachment decreased. This result is similar to findings for the divalent cation dependence of fibronectin-mediated cell attachment (Klebe et al., 1977).