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Cortical Vascular Canals in Human Mandible and Other Bones

¹ Dental Institute, Barts and The London Queen Mary’s School of Medicine and Dentistry, New Road, London, UK, E1 1BB;
² Cancer Research UK, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratories, London WC2A 3PX; and
³ UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London WC1X 8LD, UK

View larger version (34K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 1. Image and graphs. (a) Backscattered electron (BSE) image of cortical bone taken from the lingual aspect of a bone slice from the mental foramen region of a 67-year-old male. The black circular features are vascular canals. Whiter areas of bone are more highly mineralized. Field width, 2.7 mm; scale marker, 1 mm. Graphs showing (b) the number of canals per mm2, (c) the cross-sectional area of canals, (d) the canal density, and (e) quantitative BSE signal indicating the mean mineralization density of cortical bone taken from different regions of the mandible and other skeletal sites. Mean and 95% confidence interval. Site (n =) cranial (33); (posterior mandible) lingual (32), inferior (32), buccal (32), alveolar (29), mylohyoid (66); (mental foramen region) lingual (40), inferior (39), buccal (40), alveolar (42); (midline mandible) lingual (28), inferior (27), buccal (28), alveolar (28); and fourth lumbar vertebra (14), iliac crest (13), femoral neck (13).

View larger version (13K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 2. Graphs showing (a) the number of canals per mm2, (b) the cross-sectional area of canals, (c) the canal density, and (d) the mineralization density of cortical bone for dentate (n = 22), partially dentate (having anterior teeth and no more than one posterior tooth, n = 27), and edentulous individuals (n = 68) at the third molar region of the mandible. Mean, 95% confidence interval.