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P2X4 is Up-regulated in Gingival Fibroblasts after Periodontal Surgery

¹ Department of Oral Biology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
² Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 52621, Israel;
³ Research Department, Herzog Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel; and
⁴ Department of Prosthodontics, Hebrew University Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel

View larger version (96K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 1. Microradiographic and histological presentation of periodontal tissues, namely, the tooth root surface (cementum), marginal gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Microradiographs of cross-sectioned mandible in the molar region showing (A) normal alveolar bone (N = no bone loss), or (B) where moderate alveolar bone loss (V) can be observed (white arrows) without loss of bone crest. Bars = 1 mm. (C) Histological section of periodontal tissue showing typical alveolar bone resorption (R+white arrows), indicating pits of bone-resorbing sites, on the inner aspect of alveolar bone (next to periodontal ligament). D, dentin; AB, alveolar bone. Bar = 100µ.

View larger version (11K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 2. Relative fold increase in expression of P2X4 measured by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Verification of P2X4 induced expression in gingival tissue 20 min after the coronal surgical approach (COR) and after the apical surgical approach (AP).

View larger version (121K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 3. Immunohistology of marginal gingiva and periodontium of rat molar tooth. (A) Histology of marginal gingiva and root (HE stain). Root dentin (De) and the emerging fibrous tissue with gingival fibroblasts (GF) aligned, running toward the periosteum and up toward the papillae. Part of the epithelium (Ep) is seen next to the root. (B) Cross-section of a molar tooth and its periodontium, including papillae of gingiva and PDL. Positive immunostaining with P2X4 antibodies (black) is seen specifically in the fibrous connective tissue of the papillae and PDL only. Alveolar bone (AB), epithelium (Ep), and dentin (De) were negative. (C,D) The same slide from the marginal periodontium after coronal approach surgery (treatment). (C) Positive immunostaining (black) for P2X4 receptors in the marginal gingival connective tissue, mainly fibroblasts. (D) The same, but illuminated by UV, showing the fibroblasts. (E,F) Similar. (F) Poor immunostaining for P2X4 in control sections where apical surgery was performed, from the marginal gingiva. The scale bars represent 50 µm.