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Increase of Galanin in Trigeminal Ganglion during Tooth Movement

¹ Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan;
² Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan; and
³ Department of Oral Function and Anatomy, and Biodental Research Center, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Schematic drawing indicates the method of experimental tooth movement. A piece of elastic band (E) was inserted between the mandibular first (M1) and second (M2) molars.

View larger version (104K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Galanin-immunoreactive trigeminal ganglion neurons (arrows) in the mandibular division of (a) controls and (b) 5 days after experimental tooth movement. Bar = 50 µm (a).

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Figure 3a. Change in the proportion of galanin-immunoreactive neurons in the trigeminal ganglion in each experimental stage after experimental tooth movement (n = 6 for each stage). Each value represents the mean ± SE. *Significant difference in the proportion of GAL-positive neurons at the p < 0.05 level. Figure 3b. Change in the number of galanin-immunoreactive trigeminal ganglion neurons in different cell size ranges in controls, at 5 days, and at 14 days after experimental tooth movement (n = 6). Each value represents the mean ± SE. *Significant difference in the number of galanin-immunoreactive neurons at the p < 0.05 level.

View larger version (108K): [in a new window]   Figure 4. Immunofluorescent micrographs for CGRP (a,d,g), galanin (b,e,h), and both (c,f,i) of the trigeminal ganglion of controls (a,b,c), and at 5 (d,e,f) and 14 (g,h,i) days after experimental tooth movement. In the controls and at 14 days, galanin immunoreactivity was observed mainly in small neurons, whereas at 5 days, medium-sized to large neurons also expressed galanin. Arrows point to CGRP and galanin-immunoreactive neurons. Arrowheads indicate CGRP-positive but galanin-negative neurons. Bar = 10 µm (i). All panels are at the same magnification.