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Condylar Mineralization Following Mandibular Distraction in Rats

Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA

View larger version (39K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Measurement method for mineral appositional rate. A series of circles, tangent to end lines (blue) of calcein (green) and alizarin (red) labels, was superimposed over the entire band defined by the two labels. The dark red color (stars) over the alizarin band (stars) is autofluorescence and was not measured.

View larger version (56K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Examples of double-labeled condyles from rapidly (A,C) and slowly (B,D) growing animals at D24. The distracted side (A,B) is compared with the undistracted side (C,D). Note that both calcein (line with end dots) and alizarin (double-headed arrow) bands are narrower in the distracted than the undistracted sides. This side difference occurred at all time-points in rapidly growing rats, but only at D24 in slowly growing rats. The stars denote autofluorescence of unmineralized tissue.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Figure 3. The overall time-course of mineral apposition rates in rapidly (A) and slowly (B) growing rats (distraction rates combined), and the overall effects of distraction rate on mineral apposition rate in rapidly (C) and slowly (D) growing rats (time-points combined). Solid and empty circles indicate the mean values of mineral apposition rates in distracted and undistracted sides of condyles, respectively, and vertical lines indicate one standard deviation for each mean value. F values and superscripted asterisks indicate the one-way ANOVA results for distracted (FD) and undistracted (FU) sides. Asterisks by the solid circles indicate significant differences between the distracted and undistracted sides at each time-point or distraction rate, by paired t tests. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. ns: not significant. Bold/underlined and plain numbers indicate sample sizes in the distracted and undistracted sides, respectively. Note that in B, the mineral apposition rate of the distracted side at D6 was significantly higher than that of the undistracted side. In all other significant differences, the mineral apposition rate of the distracted side was lower than that of the undistracted side.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Figure 4. Comparisons of the effects of distraction rate at each time-point on the mineral apposition rate of the distracted condyle in rapidly (A) and slowly (B) growing rats. Bars indicate the mean values of mineral apposition rate in the condyle of the distracted side at 4 different distraction rates, and vertical lines above the bars indicate one standard deviation. Numbers within each bar indicate sample sizes. Asterisks above the horizontal lines indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) between various time-points for each distraction rate, by non-paired t tests.