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Rosiglitazone Reduces the Evolution of Experimental Periodontitis in the Rat

¹ Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, Torre Biologica, Policlinico Universitario, Via C. Valeria, Gazzi, 98100 Messina, Italy;
² Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Teramo, Italy; and
³ Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacology University of Messina, Italy

View larger version (167K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Immunohistochemical staining for iNOS, nitrotyrosine, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase formation. Positive staining for iNOS (a), nitrotyrosine (c), and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (e, e1) was observed in gingivomucosal tissue after ligature treatment. In gingivomucosal tissue of rosiglitazone-treated rats (10 mg/kg i.p., daily for 8 days), no positive staining was observed for iNOS (b), nitrotyrosine (d), and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (f). The Fig. is representative of at least 3 experiments performed on different experimental days.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Densitometry analysis of immunocytochemistry photographs (a) n = 5 photos from each sample collected from all rats in each experimental group) for iNOS, PAR, and nitrotyrosine from gingivomucosal tissue was assessed. The assay was carried out with Optilab Graftek software on a Macintosh personal computer (CPU G3-266). Evans blue content (b) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (c) in gingivomucosal tissue were significantly increased by ligature compared with the contralateral side. Rosiglitazone (10 mg/kg i.p., daily for 8 days) significantly reduced Evans blue content and myeloperoxidase activity levels. Densitometry data are expressed as % of total tissue area. Data are means of mean ± SEM from n = 10 rats for each group. *P < 0.01 vs. non-ligated. °P < 0.01 vs. ligated.

View larger version (92K): [in a new window]   Figure 3. Gingivomucosal section from non-ligature-treated rats (a) demonstrating no tissue damage. Inflammatory cell infiltration and edema were observed in gingivomucosal sections from ligature-treated rats (c,c1). Significantly less edema and inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in gingivomucosal sections from ligature-treated rats treated with rosiglitazone (10 mg/kg i.p., daily for 8 days) (b). We quantitatively assessed the total number of infiltrating leukocytes (e.g., neutrophils and mononuclear cells) in gingivomucosal tissue by counting the number of polymorphonuclear cells in 20 high-power fields (d). The Fig. is representative of at least 3 experiments performed on different experimental days. The tissue sections, oriented longitudinally from the crown, were stained with trichrome stain. Data represent the mean ± SEM for 20 counts obtained from the gingivomucosal tissue of each treatment group. *P < 0.01 vs. non-ligated. °P < 0.01 vs. ligated.

View larger version (42K): [in a new window]   Figure 4. The alveolar bone from ligated (8 days) rats demonstrated alveolar bone resorption (a). Rosiglitazone treatment suppressed alveolar pathology in the rats’ alveolar bone (b). A significant increase in the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar crest at the mediolingual root of the first molar was observed in ligature-treated rats. Rosiglitazone treatment significantly reduced the increase in the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar crest (c). The Fig. is representative of at least 3 experiments performed on different experimental days. Data represent the data from 20 counts obtained from the gingivomucosal tissue of each treatment group. *P < 0.01 vs. non-ligated. °P < 0.01 vs. ligated.