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Pilocarpine-induced Salivation and Thirst in Conscious Rats

¹ Departments of Biosciences and
² Cariology and Periodontology, Kyushu Dental College, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakitaku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Effects of intraperitoneally (IP) injected pilocarpine on water intake and salivary secretion from the parotid gland. The water intake (A) and salivary secretion (B) for 60 min were increased dose-dependently. The increased water intake induced by the intraperitoneal injection of pilocarpine at 12 µmol/kg was suppressed by the intracerebroventricular pre-injection of atropine (ATR) at 1 nmol, but the increased salivary secretion by the intraperitoneal injection of pilocarpine was not. Each symbol represents the mean of 5 to 7 observations, and vertical bars = SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 vs. the control saline group. ++P < 0.01 vs. the ATR group. n.s. = not significant.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Effects of intracerebroventricularly (ICV) injected pilocarpine on water intake and salivary secretion from the parotid gland. The water intake (A) for 60 min increased dose-dependently, but the salivary secretion (B) did not. The increased water intake by the intracerebroventricular injection of pilocarpine at 30 nmol was suppressed by the intracerebroventricular pre-injection of atropine (ATR) at 1 nmol. The results are represented as means ± SEM. The numbers of rats tested were between 5 and 7. n.s. = not significant. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 vs. the control saline group. +++P < 0.001 vs. the ATR group.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Figure 3. Time courses of pilocarpine-induced water intakes and salivary secretion from the parotid gland. (A) The time courses of water intake by the intraperitoneal () IP, 12 µmol/kg, n = 6) and intracerebroventricular injection of pilocarpine(•) ICV, 0.3 nmol, n = 6). There was a significant difference at 15 min between the intraperitoneal and intracerebroventricular injections (Bonferroni post-test followed by two-way ANOVA; *P < 0.05). (B) The time of the start of increased water intake induced by the intraperitoneal and intracerebroventricular injection of pilocarpine (open bar, 12 µmol/kg; filled bar, 0.3 nmol). **P < 0.01 by unpaired t test. (C) The time courses of parotid salivary secretion induced by the intraperitoneal injection of pilocarpine at 12 µmol/kg without (), n = 6) and with the intracerebroventricular pre-injection of atropine at 1 nmol (), n = 5). The time courses were not significantly different by two-way ANOVA.