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Potential Modern Alternative Designs for Caries Clinical Trials (CCTs) and How These can be Validated against the Conventional Model

¹ Unilever Dental Research, Port Sunlight, Bebington, UK;
² Colgate Palmolive, Dental Health Unit, Manchester, UK;
³ Procter & Gamble Co., Cincinnati, OH, USA; and
⁴ GlaxoSmithKline, Weybridge, UK;

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Cross-sectional caries prevalence (DMFT) in 1983 and 1993 for children in areas of the United Kingdom with different caries attack rates. Data taken from National Surveys (O’Brien, 1994; Todd and Dodd, 1985)

View larger version (10K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Cell size as a function of predicted caries increment for control group. (Data supplied by Unilever Dental Research.)

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Figure 3. Predicted two-year caries increment (DMFT) for different ages at baseline, derived from cross-sectional data.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Figure 4. Fluoride dose response. Shows caries increments in three- or four-year clinical trials comparing similar toothpastes with different fluoride levels (Clarkson et al., 1993).