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Shear Properties of the Temporomandibular Joint Disc in Relation to Compressive and Shear Strain

¹ Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
² Department of Functional Anatomy, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); and
³ Division of Mechanical Science, Department of Systems and Human Science, Osaka University School of Engineering Science;

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Location of the 2 specimens dissected (A) and block diagram (B) of the dynamic viscoelastometer with a schematic representation of the relationship between dynamic stress and strain of a viscoelastic material during a sinusoidal oscillating strain (, angular velocity). The sinusoidal strain produced by a tension control motor and the subsequent stress are measured by means of load and displacement detectors and transmitted to a data processor. In a viscoelastic material, the time difference between dynamic stress and dynamic strain is recognized and calculated as /. Here, is the phase angle between dynamic stress and strain (0 < < /2). The complex modulus G* is resolved into 2 components: the storage modulus G' and the loss modulus G'', shown vectorially. The tangent of the phase angle is a measure of the ratio of energy loss to energy stored during cyclic deformation.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Mean values of the complex modulus |G*| (A), storage modulus G' (B), loss modulus G'' (C), and loss tangent tan (D) as a function of frequency; the amplitude of shear strain was fixed at 0.5%. Error bars are standard errors (for each group, n = 8). • 5% compressive strain; 10% compressive strain; 15% compressive strain.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Figure 3. Mean values of the complex modulus |G*| (A), storage modulus G' (B), loss modulus G'' (C), and loss tangent tan (D) as a function of frequency; the amplitude of compressive strain was fixed at 10%. Error bars are standard errors (for each group, n = 8). • 0.5% shear strain; 1.0% shear strain; 1.5% shear strain.