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Somatosensory-evoked Fields for Gingiva, Lip, and Tongue

¹ Dental Division, Miyagi National Hospital, Miyagi, Japan;
² MEG Laboratory, Kohnan Hospital, 4-20-1 Nagamachi-Minami, Taihaku-ku, Sendai 982-8523, Japan;
³ Division of Stomatognathic Physiology and Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan;
⁴ Department of Applied Physics, Okayama University of Science, Okayama, Japan; and
⁵ Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan;

View larger version (105K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Measurement of somatosensory-evoked magnetic fields for the oral organs. (A) Clip electrodes for stimulation of the oral organs. Inter-electrode distance is about 5 mm (arrows). (B) Application of the electrodes to the lingual side of the gingiva. (C) Measurement of evoked magnetic fields using a helmet-shaped magnetoencephalography system.

View larger version (52K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Somatosensory-evoked magnetic fields (SEFs) for stimuli to the right median nerve (A), and the right upper anterior areas of the lip (B), the gingiva (C), and the tongue (D). The left column shows waveforms of the channel of maximum signal amplitude. The right column shows isofield maps at peak latency. Arrows indicate the intracranial current source estimated by the magnetic field pattern. (E) Equivalent current dipoles (ECDs) of SEFs superimposed on the magnetic resonance images of the subject. Circles and bars indicate ECD location and orientation, respectively.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Figure 3. Average and standard error of the mean of the peak latency (A), dipole moment (B), and dipole position (C) of the somatosensory-evoked fields (SEFs) for the stimuli to the tongue, the gingiva, and the lip/cheek mucosa. The left column shows organ-based overall average and standard error of the mean for the stimuli of the upper/lower and anterior (ant.)/posterior (post.) areas of each organ (N = 48). The right column shows comparisons within each organ (N = 12). Dipole positions are shown as relative angles to the N20m dipole for median nerve SEFs. Statistically significant (P < 0.01) differences are labeled with asterisks, whereas non-significance is not specified.