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Age-related Changes in Brain Regional Activity during Chewing: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

¹ Departments of Anatomy and Basic Neuroscience and
² Physiology, Gifu University School of Medicine, 40 Tsukasa-machi, Gifu 500-8705, Japan;
³ Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
⁴ Department of Radiology, Yoro Central Hospital, Yoro 503-0013, Japan;
⁵ Department of Oral Biochemistry, Kanagawa Dental College, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan; and
⁶ Business Center for Academic Societies of Japan, Tokyo 113-8622, Japan;

View larger version (102K): [in a new window]   Figure. Effect of aging on brain regional activity during chewing. (A) The task paradigm used. (B,C,D) Significant signal increases associated with gum-chewing in a young adult subject (B), a middle-aged subject (C), and an aged subject (D). Upper section: Activated areas superimposed on a template (p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons). Lower section: Activated regions superimposed on a T1 weighted MRI (p < 0.001, uncorrected for multiple comparisons). Abbreviations: smc, primary sensorimotor cortex; sma, supplementary motor area; i, insula; t, thalamus; c, cerebellum; pfa, prefrontal area. Arrowheads: Activated regions in the parietal, temporal, or occipital association cortices. Color scale: t value (degrees of freedom = 87.12). (E) Percentage increase in the fMRI signal in the young adult (Y, n = 10), middle-aged (M, n = 8), and aged (A, n = 10) groups. Each column represents the mean ± SE. *p < 0.05 compared with young adults. **p < 0.0001 compared with young adults.