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Dynamic Shear Properties of the Temporomandibular Joint Disc

¹ Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
² Department of Functional Anatomy, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA);
³ Division of Mechanical Science, Department of Systems and Human Science, Osaka University School of Engineering Science; and
⁴ Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences;

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Location of the two specimens (A) and block diagram (B) of the dynamic viscoelastometer with a schematic representation of the relationship between stress and strain of a viscoelastic material during a sinusoidal oscillating strain (, angular velocity). The sinusoidal strain is produced by a tension control motor in the driver, and the stress and strain are measured by means of load and displacement detectors and transmitted to a data processor. In a viscoelastic material, the phase difference between stress and strain is somewhere in between (0 < < /2), and the complex modulus G* is resolved into two components: the storage modulus G' and the loss modulus G'', shown vectorially. The tangent of the phase angle () between stress and strain is a measure of the ratio of energy loss to energy stored during cyclic deformation.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. The complex modulus |G*|, storage modulus G', loss modulus G'', and loss tangent tan as a function of frequency. Error bars are standard deviations (for each group, n = 10). The frequency correlates positively with the values of the moduli. A-P test: |G*| G' G'' tan M-L test: • |G*| G' G'' tan

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Figure 3. Means and standard deviations of storage modulus G', loss modulus G'', and loss tangent tan at 1.0 Hz. White and black bars are values in A-P and M-L tests, respectively. Error bars are standard deviations (for each group, n = 10). Asterisks: significance of difference between the groups (** p < 0.01; * p < 0.05) as tested with a paired Student t test.