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Bone Strain Patterns of the Zygomatic Complex in Response to Simulated Orthopedic Forces

Departments of Orthodontics and Bioengineering (MC 841), University of Illinois at Chicago, Colleges of Dentistry and Engineering, 801 South Paulina Street, Chicago, IL 60612-7211, USA;

View larger version (15K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 1. Diagrams illustrating force application and the locations of strain gauges and strain rosettes. (A) Demonstration of three different directions of headgear loading in the sagittal plane: parallel to the dental occlusal plane (OP) formed by the maxillary teeth, 30° superior (up) to the OP, and 30° inferior (down) to the OP. A pair of strain gauges (dark square) was placed across the zygomatico-temporal (ZT) suture in the zygomatic arch. (B) Inferior view of the articular eminence and zygomatic arch. A three-element strain rosette was placed on the articular eminence located posterior to the zygomatic arch.

View larger version (17K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 2. The average peak bone strain of the juvenile articular eminence (open histograms) was significantly higher than the adult articular eminence (solid histograms) for all three directions of loading (p < 0.05). Parallel to OP, loading parallel to the occlusal plane; 30° up OP, loading 30° superior to the occlusal plane; 30° down OP, loading 30° inferior to the occlusal plane. N = 5 for adult skulls; N = 4 for juvenile skulls.

View larger version (18K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 3. The quasi-linear relationships between simulated orthopedic forces from 0 to 10 N and peak bone strain of the juvenile articular eminence (open squares) and the adult articular eminence (solid circles). The linear regression equations are: y = 4.18x - 1.97 for the juvenile articular eminence (open squares) (r = 0.994); and y = 1.26x - 0.52 for the adult articular eminence (solid circles) (r = 0.991).

View larger version (24K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 4. Representative histograms illustrating contrasting bone strain patterns between the lateral (outer) and medial (inner) surfaces of the zygomatic arch. Lateral surface of the zygomatic arch: upward histograms representing tensile bone strain. Medial surface of the zygomatic arch: downward histograms representing compressive strain. Vertically hatched histograms: loading 30° superior to the occlusal plane (OP). Open histograms: loading parallel to the OP. Cross-hatched histograms: loading 30° inferior to the OP. A and A': anterior and posterior to the juvenile zygomatico-temporal suture. B and B': anterior and posterior to the adult zygomatico-temporal suture.

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