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Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 81, No. 11,
747-751 (2002)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910208101105
Disturbed Jaw Behavior in Whiplash-associated Disorders during Rhythmic Jaw Movements
B. Häggman-Henrikson1,2,
H. Zafar1,2 and
P.-O. Eriksson1,2,*
1 Department of Odontology, Clinical Oral Physiology, Umeå University, S-901 87 Umeå, Sweden; and
2 Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, National Institute for Working Life, Umeå, Sweden;
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Figure 1. 3-D mandibular (hatched line) and head (solid line) movement amplitudes during a sequence of paced continuous maximal jaw-opening/-closing cycles for a healthy subject (from Eriksson et al., 2000) and a WAD patient.
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Figure 2. Box and whisker plots (median, quartiles, and range) of initial head extension, head movements, and mandibular movement amplitudes for healthy (unfilled boxes, from Eriksson et al., 2000) and WAD (hatched boxes) subjects for the different tasks; continuous maximal jaw-opening/-closing movements at self-paced rate (Cont), at a rate of 50 cycles per min (Cont 50), and during chewing (Chew).
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Figure 3. Box and whisker plots (median, quartiles, and range) of time points of head movement in relation to reference mandibular time points (vertical hatched line on zero position of the x- axis) for healthy (unfilled boxes, from Eriksson et al., 2000) and WAD subjects (hatched boxes) for the defined time points: at the start of the mandibular movement cycle 1 (Start 1) and cycles 2-4 (Start 2-4), and at the peak of mandibular movement (Peak) for the self-paced (Cont) and paced (Cont50) continuous jaw movement cycles. Negative sign (-) on the x-axis indicates head movement before mandibular movement.
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