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Mapping Brain Region Activity during Chewing: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

¹ Departments of Anatomy and Basic Neuroscience and
² Physiology, Gifu University School of Medicine, 40 Tsukasa-machi, Gifu 500-8705, Japan;
³ Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
⁴ Department of Radiology, Yoro Central Hospital, Yoro 503-0013, Japan;
⁵ Department of Biochemistry, Kanagawa Dental College, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan; and
⁶ Oral Health Association of Japan, Tokyo 170-0003, Japan;

View larger version (96K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Brain regional activities during chewing. (A) The task paradigm used. (B,C) Significant signal increases associated with the chewing of X (B) and G (C) types of gum by individual subjects. Upper section: Activated areas superimposed on a template. Lower section: Activated regions superimposed on a T1-weighted MRI. Abbreviations: smc, primary sensorimotor cortex; sma, supplementary motor area; i, insula; t, thalamus; c, cerebellum. Color scale: t value. (D) Changes in signal intensity on an image-by-image basis for 64 successive images during 4 cycles of chewing and no chewing. The task paradigm is represented in the insets with the periods of chewing and no chewing indicated. The vertical axis shows the signal intensity in arbitrary units. White circles: X-type gum. Red circles: G-type gum.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Comparison of the increased fMRI signals (%) obtained with X- (empty column) or G- (filled column) type gum. L, Left side. R, Right side. Each column represents the mean + SE (n = 14). *p < 0.05 compared with X-type gum. **p < 0.01 compared with X-type gum.