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The Microbiota of Young Children from Tooth and Tongue Samples

¹ The Forsyth Institute, 140 Fenway, Boston, MA 02115;
² University of Washington, Department of Dental Public Health Sciences, Box 357475, and Department of Periodontics, Box 357480, Seattle, WA 98195-7475;
³ King Saud University, PO Box 85032, Riyadh 11691, Saudi Arabia; and
⁴ Department of Public Health Services, Box 409 CK, Saipan, Mariana Islands 96950;

View larger version (44K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Species detected from sound or carious tooth samples. In the 6- to 18-month-old children, the species detected at higher DNA probe levels from carious teeth were S. sobrinus, S. oralis, S. intermedius, S. pneumoniae, Micromonas (P). micros, A. israelii (p < 0.01), A. naeslundii, and P. denticola, whereas S. mutans (p < 0.01) and Lactobacillus uli were detected at higher levels from carious teeth in the 19- to 36-month-old children. Error bars ± standard error of the mean. Level of species detection scale: 1 species detection equivalent to 104 to < 105, 2 equivalent to 105 to < 106, 3 equivalent to 106 bacterial cells. However, no differences within age groups were statistically significant at p 0.0025 (Wilcoxon ranked-sum test), a level accounting for the multiple species comparisons.

View larger version (41K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Detection frequency of S. mutans and caries level. The Fig. illustrates a positive association by Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test (p < 0.05) only in the older children, between detection of S. mutans and caries level in both tooth and tongue samples.