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Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 87, No. 9, 856-860 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910808700901

Biological

Induced Premaxillary Suture Fusion: Class III Malocclusion Model

W.H. Ruan1, J.N. Winger2, J.C. Yu3 and J.L. Borke2,*

1 Department of Stomatology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China;
2 Department of Oral Biology and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912-1129, USA; and
3 Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA

Correspondence: * corresponding author, jborke{at}mail.mcg.edu

The etiology of class III malocclusion remains unknown. The present study investigates the relationship between craniofacial morphology and premaxillary suture fusion to test the hypothesis that class III malocclusion may be related to premaxillary suture fusion. Cyanoacrylate was applied to immobilize the left premaxillary suture in the experimental group. Sham surgeries in rats were used for controls. Dental impressions and radiographs were taken before and after surgery for comparison of craniofacial differences between groups. Overall cranial base lengths, craniofacial widths, and craniofacial angulations related to the anterior base showed significant differences between groups. At the end of the experiment, the growth of the snout in the experimental group was inhibited and deviated to the treated side, while no obvious change was seen in the control group. The results show that induced premaxillary suture fusion can affect craniofacial morphology and indicate that premature premaxillary suture fusion may result in class III malocclusion.

Key Words: animal model • artificial premaxillary suture fusion • class III malocclusion • craniofacial morphology


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