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Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 87, No. 7, 635-639 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910808700717

Clinical

Randomized Study of Phentolamine Mesylate for Reversal of Local Anesthesia

M. Laviola1, S.K. McGavin2, G.A. Freer2, G. Plancich1, S.C. Woodbury2, S. Marinkovich1, R. Morrison1, A. Reader3, R.B. Rutherford4 and J.A. Yagiela5,*

1 Northwest Kinetics, Tacoma, WA, USA;
2 Jean Brown Research, Salt Lake City, UT, USA;
3 Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA;
4 Novalar Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; and
5 Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, University of California-Los Angeles, School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA

Correspondence: * corresponding author, jyagiela{at}dentistry.ucla.edu

Local anesthetic solutions frequently contain vasoconstrictors to increase the depth and/or duration of anesthesia. Generally, the duration of soft-tissue anesthesia exceeds that of pulpal anesthesia. Negative consequences of soft-tissue anesthesia include accidental lip and tongue biting as well as difficulty in eating, drinking, speaking, and smiling. A double-blind, randomized, multicenter, Phase 2 study tested the hypothesis that local injection of the vasodilator phentolamine mesylate would shorten the duration of soft-tissue anesthesia following routine dental procedures. Participants (122) received one or two cartridges of local anesthetic/vasoconstrictor prior to dental treatment. Immediately after treatment, 1.8 mL of study drug (containing 0.4 mg phentolamine mesylate or placebo) was injected per cartridge of local anesthetic used. The phentolamine was well-tolerated and reduced the median duration of soft-tissue anesthesia in the lip from 155 to 70 min (p < 0.0001).

Key Words: phentolamine • local anesthesia • reversal • dentistry


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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]