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Different Roles of Odontoblasts and Fibroblasts in Immunity

M.-J. Staquet^1,*,, S.H. Durand^1,2,, E. Colomb³, A. Roméas¹, C. Vincent³, F. Bleicher¹, S. Lebecque⁴, and J.-C. Farges^1,2

¹ "Odontoblasts and Regeneration of Dental Tissues" Group, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Institut Fédératif de Recherches Biosciences Gerland Lyon Sud, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, INRA, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, INSERM ERI16, Faculté d’Odontologie, 11 rue Guillaume Paradin, F-69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France;
² Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Consultations et de Traitements Dentaires, Lyon, France;
³ Université Lyon 1, EA3732, Centre Hospitalier E. Herriot, Lyon, France; and
⁴ Université Lyon 1, UMR5201, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Lyon, France

^* corresponding author, marie-jeanne.staquet{at}recherche.univ-lyon1.fr

Odontoblasts and fibroblasts are suspected to influence the innate immune response triggered in the dental pulp by micro-organisms that progressively invade the human tooth during the caries process. To determine whether they differ in their responses to oral pathogens, we performed a systematic comparative analysis of odontoblast-like cell and pulp fibroblast responses to TLR2-, TLR3-, and TLR4-specific agonists (lipoteichoic acid [LTA], double-stranded RNA, and lipopolysaccharide [LPS], respectively). Cells responded to these agonists by differential up-regulation of chemokine gene expression. CXCL2 and CXCL10 were thus increased by LTA only in odontoblast-like cells, while LPS increased CCL7, CCL26, and CXCL11 only in fibroblasts. Supernatants of stimulated cultures increased migration of immature dendritic cells compared with controls, odontoblast-like cells being more potent attractants than fibroblasts. Analysis of these data suggests that odontoblasts and pulp fibroblasts differ in their innate immune responses to oral micro-organisms that invade the pulp tissue.

KEY WORDS: human tooth • bacteria • chemokines • Toll-like receptors • dendritic cells

Abbreviations: TLR, Toll-like receptor • LTA, lipoteichoic acid • LPS, lipopolysaccharide • dsRNA, double-stranded ribonucleic acids • Poly(I:C), polyinosinedeoxycytidylic acid • DC, dendritic cell