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Inhibition of Experimental Periodontitis by a Topical Boron-based Antimicrobial

¹ Department of Periodontology and Oral Biology, Boston University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
² Anacor Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA;
³ Department of Periodontology, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China 100081

^* corresponding author, dgraves{at}bu.edu

AN0128 is a boron-containing compound with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. To test its potential effectiveness in treating periodontal disease, we induced experimental periodontitis in the rat by placing ligatures and assessed the impact of AN0128 and positive and negative controls by micro-CT and histologic measurements. The formation of an inflammatory infiltrate was measured in hematoxylin-and-eosin-stained sections. Daily application of AN0128 (1%) compared with controls reduced bone loss by 38 to 44% (P < 0.05), while vehicle alone had no effect (P > 0.05). The reduction in bone loss with AN0128 was similar to that achieved with a NSAID, ketorolac, and Total toothpaste containing triclosan. AN0128 also reduced the level of gingival inflammation 42% compared with the ligature only (P < 0.05), whereas vehicle alone had no effect (P > 0.05). The results indicate that AN0128 significantly reduces the formation of an inflammatory infiltrate and reduces bone loss, measured histologically and by micro-CT.

KEY WORDS: alveolar bone • antibiotic • antibacterial • boron • inflammation • micro-CT • periodontium • rat