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The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Type 1 in Orthodontic Tooth Movement

¹ Department of Orthodontics, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC-Minas), Faculty of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte/MG, Brazil;
² Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculty of Dentistry, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, CEP 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte/MG, Brazil;
³ Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Belo Horizonte/MG, Brazil;
⁴ Department of Clinical Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculty of Medicine, Belo Horizonte/MG, Brazil; and
⁵ Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte/MG, Brazil

^* corresponding author, tarcilia{at}odonto.ufmg.br

Orthodontic tooth movement is dependent on osteoclast activity. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- plays an important role, directly or via chemokine release, in osteoclast recruitment and activation. This study aimed to investigate whether the TNF receptor type 1 (p55) influences these events and, consequently, orthodontic tooth movement. An orthodontic appliance was placed in wild-type mice (WT) and p55-deficient mice (p55^–/–). Levels of TNF- and 2 chemokines (MCP-1/CCL2, RANTES/CCL5) were evaluated in periodontal tissues. A significant increase in CCL2 and TNF- was observed in both groups after 12 hrs of mechanical loading. However, CCL5 levels remained unchanged in p55^–/– mice at this time-point. The number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts in p55^–/– mice was significantly lower than that in WT mice. Also, there was a significantly smaller rate of tooth movement in p55^–/– mice. Analysis of our data suggests that the TNFR-1 plays a significant role in orthodontic tooth movement that might be associated with changes in CCL5 levels.

KEY WORDS: orthodontic tooth movement • mechanical loading • bone remodeling • TNF- • chemokines