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Journal of Dental Research, Vol. 85, No. 6, 496-500 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/154405910608500603

CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ORAL BIOLOGY & MEDICINE

Implant Surface Roughness and Bone Healing: a Systematic Review

M.M. Shalabi1, A. Gortemaker1, M.A. Van’t Hof2, J.A. Jansen1,* and N.H.J. Creugers3

1 Department of Periodontology and Biomaterials,
2 Biostatistics, and
3 Department of Oral Function and Prosthetic Dentistry, Dentistry 309, College of Dental Science, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Correspondence: * corresponding author, j.jansen{at}dent.umcn.nl

A systematic review was performed on studies investigating the effects of implant surface roughness on bone response and implant fixation. We searched the literature using MEDLINE from 1953 to 2003. Inclusion criteria were: (1) abstracts of animal studies investigating implant surface roughness and bone healing; (2) observations of three-month bone healing, surface topography measurements, and biomechanical tests; (3) provision of data on surface roughness, bone-to-implant contact, and biomechanical test values. The literature search revealed 5966 abstracts. There were 470, 23, and 14 articles included in the first, second, and third selection steps, respectively. Almost all papers showed an enhanced bone-to-implant contact with increasing surface roughness. Six comparisons were significantly positive for the relationship of bone-to-implant contact and surface roughness. Also, a significant relation was found between push-out strength and surface roughness. Unfortunately, the eventually selected studies were too heterogeneous for inference of data. Nevertheless, the statistical analysis on the available data provided supportive evidence for a positive relationship between bone-to-implant contact and surface roughness.

Key Words: implant • surface roughness • bone healing • systematic review


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