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Polymerization Kinetics of Pre-heated Composite

¹ Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;
² Dental Materials Section, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912-1260, USA;
³ Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of Piracicaba at UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; and
⁴ Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

^* corresponding author, frueggeb{at}mcg.edu

Temperature affects the polymerization behavior of dimethacrylate-based materials. This study describes the influence of pre-polymerization temperature and exposure duration on polymerization kinetics of a commercial dental photo-activated composite at the top and at 2-mm depth. We used the temperature-controlled stage of a diamond-attenuated-total-reflectance unit to pre-set composite temperature between 3° and 60°C. Composite was light-exposed by a conventional quartz-tungsten-halogen curing unit for 5, 10, 20, or 40 sec. Real-time conversion, maximum conversion rate (R_p^max), time to achieve R_p^max, and conversion at R_p^max were calculated from infrared spectra. Composite pre-warming enhanced maximal polymerization rate and overall monomer conversion (top significantly greater than 2 mm). Time when R_p^max occurred did not change with temperature, but occurred sooner at the top than at 2-mm depth. Conversion at R_p^max increased with temperature, allowing more of the reaction to occur prior to vitrification than at room temperature.

KEY WORDS: resin composite • kinetics • polymerization rate • monomer conversion • curing temperature

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