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Chlorhexidine Arrests Subclinical Degradation of Dentin Hybrid Layers in vivo

¹ Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo State, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo, Brazil;
² Department of Oral Biology & Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA;
³ Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Finlandm and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital (HUCH); and
⁴ Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China;

^* corresponding author, franklintay{at}gmail.com.

The recent paradigm that endogenous collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activities derived from acid-etched dentin result in degradation of hybrid layers requires in vivo validation. This study tested the null hypothesis that there is no difference between the degradation of dentin bonded with an etch-and-rinse adhesive and that in conjunction with chlorhexidine, an MMP inhibitor, applied after phosphoric-acid-etching. Contralateral pairs of bonded Class I restorations in primary molars of clinical subjects were retrieved after a six-month period of intra-oral functioning and processed for transmission electron microscopy. Hybrid layers from the chlorhexidine-treated teeth exhibited normal structural integrity of the collagen network. Conversely, abnormal hybrid layers were seen in the control teeth, with progressive disintegration of the fibrillar network, to the extent that it was beyond detection by collagen staining. Self-destruction of collagen matrices occurs rapidly in resin-infiltrated dentin in vivo and may be arrested with the use of chlorhexidine as an MMP inhibitor.

KEY WORDS: primary dentin • hybrid layer • collagenolysis • gelatinolysis • MMPs

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