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In vivo Cross-sectional Area of Human Jaw Muscles Varies with Section Location and Jaw Position

¹ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan;
² Asahi Kasei Information Systems Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan;
³ Department of Radiology, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; and
⁴ Department of Functional Anatomy, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands;

^* corresponding author, goto{at}rad.dent.kyushu-u.ac.jp

Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) is used as a measure for maximum muscle force. This CSA is commonly determined at one location within the muscle and for one jaw position. The purpose of this study was to establish a method to standardize the analysis of the CSA of the masticatory muscles in vivo, and to compare the CSAs along their entire length for two different jaw positions (opened and closed). The CSAs in the planes perpendicular to the long axes of the masseter, medial, and lateral pterygoid muscles were measured in ten normal young adult subjects by magnetic resonance imaging. Our results showed large differences among the muscles and a non-uniform change in CSA after jaw-opening. The method enables the CSA measurement to be standardized in vivo, and allows for a correct comparison of CSAs in different skull morphologies.

KEY WORDS: human masticatory muscles • muscle cross-sectional area • magnetic resonance imaging • jaw-opening

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				T.K. Goto, S. Nishida, M. Yahagi, G.E.J. Langenbach, Y. Nakamura, K. Tokumori, S. Sakai, H. Yabuuchi, and K. Yoshiura Size and orientation of masticatory muscles in patients with mandibular laterognathism. J. Dent. Res., June 1, 2006; 85(6): 552 - 556. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]