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Rotary Culture Enhances Pre-osteoblast Aggregation and Mineralization

¹ Department of Endodontics, University of Iowa, College of Dentistry;
² Dows Institute of Dental Research, University of Iowa, College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
³ Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care and Clinics; and
⁴ Department of Prosthodontics, University of Iowa, College of Dentistry;

^* corresponding author, Galen-Schneider{at}uiowa.edu

Three-dimensional environments have been shown to enhance cell aggregation and osteoblast differentiation. Thus, we hypothesized that three-dimensional (3D) growth environments would enhance the mineralization rate of human embryonic palatal mesenchymal (HEPM) pre-osteoblasts. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential use of rotary cell culture systems (RCCS) as a means to enhance the osteogenic potential of pre-osteoblast cells. HEPM cells were cultured in a RCCS to create 3D enviroments. Tissue culture plastic (2D) cultures served as our control. 3D environments promoted three-dimensional aggregate formations. Increased calcium and phosphorus deposition was significantly enhanced three- to 18-fold (P < 0.001) in 3D cultures as compared with 2D environments. 3D cultures mineralized in 1 wk as compared with the 2D cultures, which took 4 wks, a decrease in time of nearly 75%. In conclusion, our studies demonstrated that 3D environments enhanced osteoblast cell aggregation and mineralization.

KEY WORDS: osteoblasts • microgravity • tissue engineering • mineralization

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