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Apatite/Amelogenin Coating on Titanium Promotes Osteogenic Gene Expression

¹ Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033; and
² Tissue Engineering and Bone Biology Lab, Dows Institute for Dental Research, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA, USA;

^* corresponding author, joldak{at}usc.edu

Osteoblast differentiation and extracellular matrix production are pivotal processes for implant osseointegration or bone tissue engineering. We hypothesized that a biomimetic coating on titanium surfaces, consisting of apatite and amelogenin, would promote such processes. Human Embryonic Palatal Mesenchymal pre-osteoblasts were used as a model for the evaluation of cell adhesion and spreading patterns, as well as mRNA expression of certain osteoblastic gene products. Real-time PCR showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in expression of type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin from cells grown on titanium with an apatite/amelogenin composite, as compared with that from cells grown on a pure titanium or apatite coating only. Osteocalcin expression was specifically stimulated by amelogenin added to the culture media. Enhanced attachment and cell spreading were also observed. The biomimetic coating promoting cell adhesion and osteoblast differentiation may have great potential for future dental and biomedical applications.

KEY WORDS: biomimetic coating • apatite • amelogenin • osteoblast • titanium implants.

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