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J Dent Res 83(8): 590-595, 2004
© 2004 International and American Associations for Dental Research

RESEARCH REPORT
Biological

Dentin Regeneration by Dental Pulp Stem Cell Therapy with Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2

K. Iohara1,2, M. Nakashima1,*, M. Ito3, M. Ishikawa1, A. Nakasima2, and A. Akamine1

1 Department of Clinical Oral Molecular Biology, Division of Oral Rehabilitation,
2 Department of Orthodontics, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; and
3 Department of First Anatomy, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa 359-8513, Japan;

* corresponding author, misako{at}dent.kyushu-u.ac.jp

Regenerative medicine is based on stem cells, signals, and scaffolds. Dental pulp tissue has the potential to regenerate dentin in response to noxious stimuli, such as caries. The progenitor/stem cells are responsible for this regeneration. Thus, stem cell therapy has considerable promise in dentin regeneration. Culture of porcine pulp cells, as a three-dimensional pellet, promoted odontoblast differentiation compared with monolayers. The expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp) and enamelysin/matrix metalloproteinase 20 (MMP20) mRNA confirmed the differentiation of pulp cells into odontoblasts and was stimulated by the morphogenetic signal, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2). Based on the in vitro experiments, an in vivo evaluation of pulp progenitor/stem cells in the dog was performed. The autogenous transplantation of the BMP2-treated pellet culture onto the amputated pulp stimulated reparative dentin formation. In conclusion, BMP2 can direct pulp progenitor/stem cell differentiation into odontoblasts and result in dentin formation.

KEY WORDS: dentin regeneration • stem cell therapy • BMP2 • dental pulp-capping • pellet culture

Abbreviations: BMP2, bone morphogenetic protein 2 • Dspp, dentin sialophosphoprotein • Dmp1, dentin matrix protein 1 • ALPase, alkaline phosphatase • MMP20, matrix metalloproteinase 20 • Phex, phosphate-regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on X-chromosome




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