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J Dent Res 83(6): 491-495, 2004
© 2004 International and American Associations for Dental Research

RESEARCH REPORT
Biological

Dental Pulp Fibroblasts Contain Target Cells for Lysophosphatidic Acid

R. Gruber1,*,2, B. Kandler1, C. Jindra1, G. Watzak1,2, and G. Watzek1,2

1 Department of Oral Surgery, Vienna Medical University, Waehringerstraße 25a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; and
2 Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Oral Implantology, Vienna, Austria;

* corresponding author, reinhard.gruber{at}akh-wien.ac.at

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a locally produced bioactive phospholipid which is involved in tissue repair. The objective of this study was to determine whether dental pulp tissue also responds to the phospholipid. Effects of LPA on proliferation, differentiation, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling of dental pulp fibroblasts (DPF) were examined in vitro. We report that DPF express LPA receptors LPA1, LPA2, and LPA3 and respond to the ligand with increased mitogenic activity. Involvement of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38 MAPK, and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase in LPA signaling could be demonstrated by use of specific inhibitors and detection of the phosphorylation status of the kinases. An increased mitogenic activity paralleled a decreased number of alkaline-phosphatase-positive cells and expression levels of dentin sialophosphoprotein and osteocalcin. Together, these results suggest that dental pulp fibroblasts can respond to LPA, a process that may play a role in pulp tissue repair.

KEY WORDS: lysophosphatidic acid • dental pulp fibroblasts • mitogen-activated protein kinase • proliferation • differentiation






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