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The Frictional Coefficient of the Temporomandibular Joint and Its Dependency on the Magnitude and Duration of Joint Loading

Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology and
³ Department of Oral Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
¹ Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; and
² Department of Functional Anatomy, ACTA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan;

^* corresponding author, etanaka{at}hiroshima-u.ac.jp

In synovial joints, friction between articular surfaces leads to shear stress within the cartilaginous tissue, which might result in tissue rupture and failure. Joint friction depends on synovial lubrication of the articular surfaces, which can be altered due to compressive loading. Therefore, we hypothesized that the frictional coefficient of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is affected by the magnitude and duration of loading. We tested this by measuring the frictional coefficient in 20 intact porcine TMJs using a pendulum-type friction tester. The mean frictional coefficient was 0.0145 (SD 0.0027) after a constant loading of 50 N during 5 sec. The frictional coefficient increased with the length of the preceding loading duration and exceeded 0.0220 (SD 0.0014) after 1 hr. Application of larger loading (80 N) resulted in significantly larger frictional coefficients. In conclusion, the frictional coefficient in the TMJ was proportional to the magnitude and duration of joint loading.

KEY WORDS: temporomandibular joint • frictional coefficient • loading duration

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