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Interaction of Glass-ionomer Cements with Moist Dentin

¹ Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong SAR, China;
² Department of Oral Biology and Maxillofacial Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA;
³ Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK;
⁴ Department of Restorative Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore;
⁵ Department of Dental Materials, University of Granada, Spain; and
⁶ Electron Microscopy Unit, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;

^* corresponding author, kfctay{at}hknet.com

Glass-ionomer cements (GICs) are regarded as aqueous gels made up of polyalkenoic acid salts containing ion-leachable glass fillers. The consequence of water permeation across the GIC-dentin interface is unknown. This study used SEM, field-emission/environmental SEM (FE-ESEM), and TEM to examine the ultrastructure of GIC-bonded moist dentin. Dentin surfaces bonded with 6 auto-cured GICs were examined along the fractured GIC-dentin interfaces. Additional specimens fractured 3 mm away from the interfaces were used as controls. SEM revealed spherical bodies along GIC-dentin interfaces that resembled hollow eggshells. FE-SEM depicted similar bodies with additional solid cores. Energy-dispersive x-ray analysis and TEM showed that the spherical bodies consisted of a silicon-rich GIC phase that was absent from the air-voids in the controls. The GIC inclusions near dentin surfaces result from a continuation of the GI reaction, within air-voids of the original polyalkenoate matrix, that occurred upon water diffusion from moist dentin.

KEY WORDS: glass ionomer • spherical bodies • water • diffusion

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