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Dynamic Shear Properties of the Temporomandibular Joint Disc

¹ Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
² Department of Functional Anatomy, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA);
³ Division of Mechanical Science, Department of Systems and Human Science, Osaka University School of Engineering Science; and
⁴ Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences;

*corresponding author, etanaka{at}hiroshima-u.ac.jp

Shear stress might be an important factor associated with fatigue failure and damage of the temporomandibular joint disc. Little information, however, is available on the dynamic behavior of the disc in shear. Since the disc is an anisotropic and viscoelastic structure, in the present study the dependency of the dynamic shear behavior on the direction and frequency of loading was examined. Ten porcine discs were used for dynamic shear tests. Shear stress was applied in both anteroposterior (A-P test) and mediolateral (M-L test) directions. The dynamic moduli increased as the loading frequency increased. The dynamic elasticity was significantly larger in the A-P test than in the M-L test, although the dynamic viscosity was similar in both tests. The present results suggest that non-linearities, compression/shear coupling, and intrinsic viscoelasticity affect the shear material behavior of the disc, which might have important implications for the transmission of load in the temporomandibular joint.

KEY WORDS: temporomandibular joint disc • dynamic shear properties • viscoelasticity

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