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J Dent Res 81(5): 360-365, 2002
© 2002 International and American Associations for Dental Research

RESEARCH REPORT
Biological

Hormonal Regulation of Androgen Receptor Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Expression in Human Tooth Pulp

J.B. Dale1, S.L. Sarich1, T.M. Bretz2, J.F. Hatton1,2, and R.J. Zachow1,2,*

1 St. Louis University Center for Advanced Dental Education, Department of Endodontics, St. Louis, MO; and
2 Southern Illinois University School of Dental Medicine, Department of Applied Dental Medicine, 2800 College Ave., Alton, IL 62002;

*corresponding author, rzachow{at}siue.edu

Tooth pulp contains steroid receptors and therefore is likely to respond to steroids. Steroids and cytokines together can alter steroid receptor content in many tissues; thus, similar mechanisms may exist in tooth pulp. In this study, reverse-transcription/polymerase chain-reaction was used to screen human pulp for the mRNAs encoding receptors for androgen (AR), estrogens (ERß), and hepatocyte growh factor (HGF: c-Met). AR mRNA content was greater in male pulp vs. female pulp in all age groups. In both genders, AR mRNA content diminished with age. In pulp cell cultures, androstenedione, estradiol-17ß, and HGF each stimulated AR mRNA accumulation. Testosterone inhibited, whereas 5{alpha}-dihydrotestosterone did not affect, AR mRNA content. ERß was not hormonally altered in pulp cell cultures. By showing steroid- and cytokine-orchestrated regulation of AR mRNA in vitro, it is possible that age- and/or pathogen-dependent changes in available steroids and cytokines can affect any androgen-responsiveness of pulp.

KEY WORDS: androgen receptor • androgen • hepatocyte growth factor • estrogen • tooth pulp






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