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The Influence of Various Attachment Types in Mandibular Implant-retained Overdentures on Maximum Bite Force and EMG

¹ Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Prosthodontics and Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85.060, 3508 AB, Utrecht, The Netherlands; and
² Central Military Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands;

*corresponding author, F.M.C.vanKampen{at}med.uu.nl

The type of attachment that is used in oral rehabilitation by means of implant-retained mandibular overdentures may influence the retention and the stability of the denture. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that a better retention and stability of the denture improve the oral function. Eighteen edentulous subjects received 2 permucosal implants, a new denture, and, successively, 3 suprastructure modalities. Maximum bite force and electrical activity of the masseter and temporalis muscles were measured. The maximum bite force nearly doubled after treatment for each of the 3 attachments. However, the average bite force after treatment was still only two-thirds of the value obtained for dentate subjects. No large differences in maximum bite force and muscle activity were found among the 3 attachment types. Temporalis activity was significantly lower than masseter activity when subjects clenched without implant support. There was no difference in activity when subjects clenched with implant support.

KEY WORDS: bite force • EMG • dental implant • overdenture • attachment

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