Journal of Dental Research, Vol 77, 16-26, Copyright © 1998 by International & American Associations for Dental Research Online Journals

ARTICLES

Cytokine profiles of cells extracted from humans with periodontal diseases

E. Gemmell and G. J. Seymour
Department of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Australia.

FACS analysis was used to determine the percent interferon (IFN)-gamma-, interleukin (IL)-4-, IL-10-, and CD30-positive T-cells extracted from adult periodontitis (AP) and healthy/gingivitis (H/G) subjects. Additionally, the percentages of IL-1 beta-, IL-10- and IL-12-producing B-cells and macrophages were ascertained. The percent IL-10+ CD8 cells extracted from AP lesions was decreased compared with H/G tissues (p = 0.033), and the percent CD30+ CD4 (p = 0.001) and CD30+ CD8 (p = 0.028) cells was higher in AP than in H/G tissues. The percentages of IL-1 beta + macrophages (p = 0.003) and IL-12+ B-cells (p = 0.034) were both higher in AP lesions than in H/G tissues. The specific effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis on the cytokine profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from P. gingivalis-infected AP and H/G patients was also determined. While there were no significant differences in the percent cytokine-positive T-cells after stimulation with P. gingivalis outer membrane antigens (OM) for 6 days compared with cells incubated in medium only, the percent CD30+ CD4 cells increased significantly (p = 0.047 and p = 0.063 for AP and H/G groups, respectively). There was also an increase in the percent IL-1 beta + B-cells from AP patients (p = 0.029), and the percent IL-12+ monocytes from AP and H/G subjects was higher than the percent IL-12+ B-cells, both after stimulation with P. gingivalis OM (p = 0.005 for the AP group and p = 0.058 and therefore not quite significant for the H/G group) and when incubated in medium alone (p = 0.016 and p = 0.015 for AP and H/G groups, respectively). This study has shown that IL-10+ CD8 cells may be significant in gingival lesions, and that CD30+ T-cells indicative of Th2 or Th0 cells may play a role in progressive periodontal disease. This study has also shown that B-cells produce IL-1 in the gingival lesion and that P. gingivalis may be significant in the induction of B-cell-induced IL-1.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C.W. Cutler and R. Jotwani Dendritic cells at the oral mucosal interface. J. Dent. Res., August 1, 2006; 85(8): 678 - 689. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. S. Miller, C. P. King Jr., M. C. Langub, R. J. Kryscio, and M. V. Thomas Salivary biomarkers of existing periodontal disease: A cross-sectional study J Am Dent Assoc, March 1, 2006; 137(3): 322 - 329. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Ford, E. Gemmell, P. Walker, M. West, M. Cullinan, and G. Seymour Characterization of Heat Shock Protein-Specific T Cells in Atherosclerosis Clin. Vaccine Immunol., February 1, 2005; 12(2): 259 - 267. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Al-Rasheed, H. Scheerens, D.M. Rennick, H.M. Fletcher, and D.N. Tatakis Accelerated Alveolar Bone Loss in Mice Lacking Interleukin-10 J. Dent. Res., August 1, 2003; 82(8): 632 - 635. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				Y.-T. A. Teng THE ROLE OF ACQUIRED IMMUNITY AND PERIODONTAL DISEASE PROGRESSION Crit. Rev. Oral. Biol. Med., July 1, 2003; 14(4): 237 - 252. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y.-T. A. Teng Mixed Periodontal Th1-Th2 Cytokine Profile in Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans-Specific Osteoprotegerin Ligand (or RANK-L)- Mediated Alveolar Bone Destruction In Vivo Infect. Immun., September 1, 2002; 70(9): 5269 - 5273. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Tamai, T. Sakuta, K. Matsushita, M. Torii, O. Takeuchi, S. Akira, S. Akashi, T. Espevik, S. Sugawara, and H. Takada Human Gingival CD14+ Fibroblasts Primed with Gamma Interferon Increase Production of Interleukin-8 in Response to Lipopolysaccharide through Up-Regulation of Membrane CD14 and MyD88 mRNA Expression Infect. Immun., March 1, 2002; 70(3): 1272 - 1278. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Gemmell, K. Yamazaki, and G.J. Seymour DESTRUCTIVE PERIODONTITIS LESIONS ARE DETERMINED BY THE NATURE OF THE LYMPHOCYTIC RESPONSE Crit. Rev. Oral. Biol. Med., January 1, 2002; 13(1): 17 - 34. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A.M. Gervasio, D.A.O. Silva, E.A. Taketomi, C.J.A. Souza, S-S.J. Sung, and A.M. Loyola Levels of GM-CSF, IL-3, and IL-6 in Fluid and Tissue from Human Radicular Cysts J. Dent. Res., January 1, 2002; 81(1): 64 - 68. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. L. W. Yun, A. A. Decarlo, C. Collyer, and N. Hunter Hydrolysis of Interleukin-12 by Porphyromonas gingivalis Major Cysteine Proteinases May Affect Local Gamma Interferon Accumulation and the Th1 or Th2 T-Cell Phenotype in Periodontitis Infect. Immun., September 1, 2001; 69(9): 5650 - 5660. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. L. W. Yun, A. A. DeCarlo, and N. Hunter Modulation of Major Histocompatibility Complex Protein Expression by Human Gamma Interferon Mediated by Cysteine Proteinase-Adhesin Polyproteins of Porphyromonas gingivalis Infect. Immun., June 1, 1999; 67(6): 2986 - 2995. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Christgau, R. G. Caffesse, J. R. Newland, G. Schmalz, and R. N. D'Souza Characterization of Immunocompetent Cells in the Diseased Canine Periodontium J. Histochem. Cytochem., December 1, 1998; 46(12): 1443 - 1454. [Abstract] [Full Text]