Effect of X-Chromosome Aneuploidy on Jaw Growth

¹ Division of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota

A series of normal male and female adults and children were measured for palatal form and maxillo-mandibulo-cranial interrelationships. A series of patients with various X-chromosome aneuploidies were similarly measured. Though the sizes of the samples used are too small for valid statistical analysis, the results suggest that (a) the palate becomes progressively shallower with the addition of each X chromosome as one proceeds from the XO to XXXXY syndromes; (b) both the mandible and the maxilla become progressively longer with the addition of each X chromosome as one proceeds from XO to XXXXY syndromes; (c) the greater relative progression is exhibited by the mandible; (d) both palatal form and maxillo-mandibular relations are also affected by the Y chromosome in a manner similar to that of the X chromosome, but to a lesser degree. If these results are substantiated by the findings in large samples, then a modification of the Lyon hypothesis along the lines suggested by Russell would appear to be more compatible with the data.

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