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1 Institute of Dental Research, United Dental Hospital, Sydney N.S.W., Australia
The final report, for the 5 years 1957-61, of a 15-year survey of the dental status of a group of children living in a Home (Hopewood House) at Bowral, in the southern tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, is presented.
Originally the group consisted of eighty-two children, but various conditions led to their number being reduced so that only fifty-two were available for the final examination. The administration of the Home controlled the dietary regimen. Oral hygiene may be said not to have existed, and dental care was minimal. The dietary regimen in the Home was vegetarian with great emphasis on dairy products, and much of the food was eaten in the uncooked state.
Clinical and radiographic examinations of the teeth were made annually and the results tabulated. It was found that in 1961 the mean D.M.F. teeth for children ten to eighteen years ranged from 0.85-12.66. A comparable study of children aged ten to fifteen years living in the community revealed a mean D.M.F. range of 5.28-13.91.
The percentage of caries-free mouths at different ages from ten to fifteen years for the Hopewood children ranged from 71.4-6.1 per cent and for the State school children from 4.6-0.0 per cent.
Lactobacillus estimations of the saliva showed that in 1960 eight children (14.8 per cent) had negative lactobacillus counts. Three of the children who were caries-free had some lactobacilli present in the saliva.
Changes occurred during the 5-year period in the diet and eating habits of the children as they became old enough to earn wages, allowing them to deviate from the original vegetarian diet of which the carbohydrates were unrefined.
The degeneration in the dental health of this group of children has been greatly accelerated during the period of the survey, and it has been associated with changes in the concentration of lactobacilli in the saliva and changes in the children's living conditions.
Submitted on November 19, 1962
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