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1 Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, New York
In planning a genetic study, particularly on the basis of a clinical observation, first consideration should be given to securing acceptable evidence of a genetic component of variability. The genetic method, or methods, to be used will then depend on the nature of this evidence, whatever inferences can be drawn as to the genetic mechanisms involved, whether or not the trait is age-dependent, rare or common in the population, and the environmental context in which the genotype expresses its phenotypic effect. Different and extremely versatile genetic methods are available that can be used to great advantage for the study of a wide range of dental and medical problems, not only for the purpose of gaining an understanding of the genetic basis of variability but for elucidating the environmental causes of disease as well.
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