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1 Medical School, King's College, Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Fluoride has three actions at physiologic concentrations that could be concerned with its effects on the body: (1) it enters hydroxyapatite lattice to produce the less soluble fluorapatite; (2) it favors the precipitation of calcium phosphate from saturated solutions; and (3) in inhibits, and in some cases apparently stimulates, enzyme action. The solubility of enamel has been found to be related to its fluoride content, which supports the solubility theory of the anticaries action but is inconclusive. The means by which the solubility may be reduced were discussed. The precipitation of apatite by fluoride could be a factor in slowing the rate of caries. The antienzyme effect on glycolysis is quite marked at 6-10 ppm under some conditions, but it is not yet known whether plaque fluoride is altered by the fluoride of the drinking water. The glycolytic enzymes specifically influenced by fluoride are not fully investigated, and none of the toxic effects of fluoride (e.g., mottling and exostoses) can yet be explained on the basis of enzyme inhibition or activation.
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M. Tanaka, H. Ono, Y. Kadoma, and Y. Imai Incorporation into Human Enamel of Fluoride Slowly Released from a Sealant in vivo Journal of Dental Research, October 1, 1987; 66(10): 1591 - 1593. [Abstract] [PDF]
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N. A. Yoon and C. W. Berry The Antimicrobial Effect of Fluorides (Acidulated Phosphate, Sodium and Stannous) on Actinomyces viscosus Journal of Dental Research, August 1, 1979; 58(8): 1824 - 1829. [Abstract] [PDF]
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S. Katz, J. C. Muhler, and C. W. Beck Enamel Conditioning for Fluoride Treatments Journal of Dental Research, July 1, 1971; 50(4): 816 - 831. [Abstract] [PDF]
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