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A CLINICAL STUDY OF BLOOD PRESSURE RESPONSES TO EPI-NEPHRINE-CONTAINING LOCAL ANESTHETIC SOLUTIONS

Los Angeles, Calif.

ABSTRACT

1. A clinical study of blood pressure responses to local anesthetic solutions, with and without epinephrine, and to isotonic saline and a pseudo injection was carried out. A method of testing and of analyzing responses was devised.

2. Preliminary blood pressure and pulse rate determinations were taken which closely approximate reported normal values.

3. Psychosomatic hemodynamic pressor and heart rate responses caused by fear of the injection were shown, thus demonstrating the need for routine premedication of the hypersensitive patient and the patient with cardiovascular disease.

4. A mild hemodynamic pressor response was shown associated with the palatine injection of isotonic saline. No pressor response occurred with the other treatments.

5. It was demonstrated that small amounts of epinephrine cause a hemodynamic depressor effect.

6. No fright reactions occurred with any of the treatments, and no training effect occurred.