Figure 1. Characterization of healthy and granulation-tissue fibroblasts. (A) At passage 4, human gingival fibroblasts obtained from healthy and granulation-tissue gingiva were stained with Alexa Fluorphalloidin or antibodies recognizing -SMA or vimentin. Arrowheads indicate -SMA-negative cells. Arrows indicate -SMA-positive cells. Bar = 20 µm. (B) The average of -SMA expression was obtained after we counted positively stained cells in cell cultures derived from HAG, GT-W, HMG, and GT-PD patients, and analyzed them by Student’s t test.