Figure 1. Effects of intraperitoneally (IP) injected pilocarpine on water intake and salivary secretion from the parotid gland. The water intake (A) and salivary secretion (B) for 60 min were increased dose-dependently. The increased water intake induced by the intraperitoneal injection of pilocarpine at 12 µmol/kg was suppressed by the intracerebroventricular pre-injection of atropine (ATR) at 1 nmol, but the increased salivary secretion by the intraperitoneal injection of pilocarpine was not. Each symbol represents the mean of 5 to 7 observations, and vertical bars = SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 vs. the control saline group. ++P < 0.01 vs. the ATR group. n.s. = not significant.