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Figure 1. Expression of nNOS mRNA levels in the hypothalamus following the 30- and 60-minute restraint periods, with or without biting (N = 3 per group). (A) nNOS mRNA levels were increased by 30 min of restraint, and were suppressed by biting during restraint. (B) The increase of nNOS mRNA was statistically significant (*p < 0.05, ANOVA/Fisher’s PLSD). Levels in animals allowed to bite during restraint were significantly different ({dagger}p < 0.05, ANOVA/Fisher’s PLSD) from those in animals restrained without biting.