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Figure 1. Mean flow rates of unstimulated whole saliva in the pilocarpine group ({blacksquare} ; n = 17), placebo group (• ; n = 17), and control group ({circ} ; n = 14) before (baseline, day 1), after the tramadol regime (50 mg x 5; dryness, day 3) and after pilocarpine/placebo treatment (5 mg x 1; treatment, day 3) or no further treatment (control). Tablet containing pilocarpine/placebo was administered on day 3 at –15 min (arrow). Values are mean ± SEM.