Figure 2. Outward (–) and inward (+) fluid movement across dentin during bonding procedures. The bonding procedures conducted in the absence of pulpal pressure (0 cm H2O) included air-blast, application of adhesive, and light-curing. Negative values indicate outward fluid movements that were recorded when air-blasts (Air) were applied at the surface of smear-layer- or adhesive-resin-covered dentin. Positive values indicated the inward fluid movement that was observed during light-curing (Light) for polymerization of the adhesive resins or resin composites. Smear = smear-layer-covered dentin under 20 cm H2O pulpal pressure; Acid-etched = acid-etched dentin under 20 cm H2O pulpal pressure; Resin = storage of resin-bonded specimens under 20 cm H2O pulpal pressure; Air = air-blast; Light = light illumination.