Figure 1. Eugenol activated inward currents in VR1-expressing HEK 293 cells. (A) The current profiles induced by the application of eugenol (1 mM) and capsaicin (1 µM). The holding potential was -60 mV. (B) The inward current activated by eugenol was completely inhibited by RR (10 µM) and CZP (10 µM). Since the eugenol-activated currents by the first and second applications were not significantly different (top trace), the eugenol-activated currents were compared after cells were pre-treated with either RR for 1.5 min prior to the second application of eugenol and RR (middle trace) or CZP for 1.5 min prior to the second application of eugenol and CPZ (bottom trace).